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	<title>PNNL Available Technologies - Analytical Instrumentation</title>
<link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/</link>
<description>PNNL Available Technologies</description>
<language>en-us</language>
<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
<managingEditor>lisa.teske@pnl.gov</managingEditor>
<webMaster>cameron.bates@pnl.gov</webMaster>
<item><title><![CDATA[Device and System for Live-Cell Spectroscopic Analysis]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=280</link><description><![CDATA[Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and other types of spectroscopy are used extensively in the analysis of chemical and some types of biological samples.&nbsp;However, the full potential of this technique for toxicology related applications has not been realized for due to several challenges, with the lack of a means to keep the cells viable in a test cell while collecting spectra in situ being a major factor.&nbsp; This technology allows for live cells to be maintained over extended periods of time so that the impacts of different environmental factors and perturbations of the cells can be studied.&nbsp;The tool is thought to be particularly useful for studying the impacts of nanoparticle materials on live cells.The technology includes an enclosure designed to produce an environment suitable for growing and maintaining the live cells for an extended period of time, a functionalized layer of materials to facilitate cell growth and attachment to the sample crystal, and a system for interfacing the device with a spectroscopic instrument.&nbsp; The technology has been used to study the impacts of silica nanoparticles and tumor promoters on live cells.&nbsp; It is specifically designed to work in conjunction with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)/FTIR.]]></description><pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2009 15:36:18 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Device and System for Live-Cell Spectroscopic Analysis]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=280</link><description><![CDATA[Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and other types of spectroscopy are used extensively in the analysis of chemical and some types of biological samples.&nbsp;However, the full potential of this technique for toxicology related applications has not been realized for due to several challenges, with the lack of a means to keep the cells viable in a test cell while collecting spectra in situ being a major factor.&nbsp; This technology allows for live cells to be maintained over extended periods of time so that the impacts of different environmental factors and perturbations of the cells can be studied.&nbsp;The tool is thought to be particularly useful for studying the impacts of nanoparticle materials on live cells.The technology includes an enclosure designed to produce an environment suitable for growing and maintaining the live cells for an extended period of time, a functionalized layer of materials to facilitate cell growth and attachment to the sample crystal, and a system for interfacing the device with a spectroscopic instrument.&nbsp; The technology has been used to study the impacts of silica nanoparticles and tumor promoters on live cells.&nbsp; It is specifically designed to work in conjunction with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)/FTIR.]]></description><pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2009 15:36:18 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Enhanced Detection Technology for Mass Spectrometry and Other Analytical Instruments (All the Signal All the Time)]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=266</link><description><![CDATA[Charged particle detection is necessary for the identification, monitoring and concentration determi]]></description><pubDate>Mon, 13 Apr 2009 12:28:47 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Improved Electrospray Technology]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=264</link><description><![CDATA[Electrospray is a mainstay ionization method for liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS).&nb]]></description><pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2009 09:23:47 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Multiplexed Analysis for High-Throughput &amp; Increased Sensitivity in Ion Mobility Spectrometry]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=254</link><description><![CDATA[Multiplexing is a technique for improving the throughput (duty cycle) and sensitivity of Ion mobilit]]></description><pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2008 14:54:44 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Selective Immobilization of Macromolecules on Self-Assembled Monolayer Surfaces via Reactive Landing]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=253</link><description><![CDATA[Soft landing is a technique for directly depositing intact projectile ions produced, transmitted and separated by a mass spectrometer onto surfaces, with or without the retention of initial charge.&nbsp;If a suitable surface is selected, the ions deposited on the surface may covalently link to the surface and be retained for further analysis.&nbsp;Novel developments at PNNL have demonstrated the direct binding of gas-phase macromolecules (e.g.]]></description><pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2008 14:28:43 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Surface Induced Dissociation (SID) for Enhanced Sequencing of Complex Molecules]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=252</link><description><![CDATA[Analysis of large complex biomolecules is one of the primary applications of mass spectrometry.&nbsp; Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is frequently employed in this process to provide backbone structural information through fragmentation of ionized molecules in the gas phase.&nbsp; In a typical MS/MS experiment, an ion is mass selected in a first ionization step, activated by collision or photon energy, and the subsequent decay into fragment ions is analyzed in a second MS step.For large biomolecules, effective fragmentation using traditional methods is limited by two fundamental limitations:&nbsp; 1) center of mass collision energy decreases with increasing mass of the parent ion, and 2) the density of states within a molecule increases with increasing mass.&nbsp; Although various techniques have been employed to overcome these barriers to fragmentation, none has proven to be very effective and/or simple to implement.&nbsp; The SID technique developed at PNNL induces fragmentation of biomolecules via a single collision of a molecule with a surface.&nbsp; While not necessarily a substitute for conventional fragmentation methods, experiments at PNNL have demonstrated that SID can provide information on biomolecule backbone structures that is supplementary and complementary to traditional methods.Implementation of an SID capability within a mass spectrometer system is relatively simple, involving the installation of an SID target within a vacuum chamber of the instrument.&nbsp; Ideally, the target should be composed of a relatively rigid material to maximize fragmentation.&nbsp; The preferred surface in the PNNL technique is a diamond surface, which in addition to enhancing fragmentation, is extremely durable and should not need to be changed out frequently.]]></description><pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2008 14:16:51 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Low-Pressure (~30 torr or less) Electrospray Source]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=251</link><description><![CDATA[Electrospray ionization (ESI) is one of the most widely used ionization techniques in mass spectrometry.]]></description><pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2008 13:39:54 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[High-Pressure Protein Digestion System]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=250</link><description><![CDATA[Researchers at PNNL have developed a&nbsp;system that utilizes high pressure to reduce the time of protein fractionation and improve peptide identification.&nbsp;The system involves the use of high pressure (either off-line or on-line) to significantly reduce enzymatic digestion times from hours to less than a minute.&nbsp;Use of the protein digestion system also reduces increases the total number of peptides identified in a sample and reduces the false discovery rate for the peptides.&nbsp;The system can be used in conjunction with liquid chromatography, and ion mobility spectrometry, as well as mass spectrometry.]]></description><pubDate>Wed, 06 Aug 2008 09:03:49 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title><![CDATA[Portable Electrochemical Sensing System]]></title><link>http://availabletechnologies.pnl.gov/technology.asp?id=238</link><description><![CDATA[Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have developed an inexpensive electrochemical sensing system that significantly improves the ability to rapidly and accurately detect heavy metals in biological and environmental samples.]]></description><pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 12:23:26 GMT</pubDate></item>  
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